Iingcinga

I-Gelatin yatshintsha indlela yokufota ngenkulungwane ye-19, ithatha indawo yeenkqubo ezinzima zepleyiti emanzi. Njengesihlanganisi kwi-emulsions yesilivere ye-halide, yasasaza ngokulinganayo iikristale ezinokukhanya kwifilimu, ivumela imifanekiso ebukhali. Amandla ayo okudumba emanzini avumela uphuhliso olulula, okwenza ukufota kufikeleleke kubantu abangengabo.

Imveliso yegelatin iqala ngeemveliso zezilwanyana (izikhumba, amathambo, imisipha), ezicocwayo, zisuswe amafutha, kwaye zityunyuzwe. Izikhumba zeehagu (30–50% collagen) kunye namathambo eenkomo zezona zixhaphakileyo. Izinto eziluhlaza ziyahlolwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba azinazo izifo okanye izinto ezingcolisayo, inyathelo elibalulekileyo kwigelatin yokutya/yeyeza.​

I-Gelatin evela kwizixhobo zezilwanyana ezingalungiswanga kakuhle inokuba nezinto ezingcolisayo: iintsimbi ezinzima ezivela kwiindawo zoshishino, ii-antibiotics ezivela kwimfuyo, okanye iintsholongwane ezifana neSalmonella. I-Bovine gelatin evela kwiindawo ezixhaphakileyo kwi-BSE iphakamisa iinkxalabo zesifo se-prion, nangona ukufumana ngokungqongqo (umz., imithetho ye-EU) kunciphisa le ngozi. I-fish gelatin, nangona ikhuselekile, inokuba ne-mercury ukuba ivela emanzini angcolileyo.

Eyona mpembelelo iphawulekayo yeGelatin kukudala ubume bejeli obunokuthamba okuhlukeneyo. Kwiilekese zegummy, ubuninzi bejelatin obuyi-10–15% buvelisa ubume oburhabaxa, obubuyela umva. Kwi-aspic, ubuninzi obuphantsi (2–5%) buvelisa ijeli ethambileyo, eshukumayo ebonisa izithako ezifana nemifuno okanye inyama. Indawo yokunyibilika kwejeli (25–35°C) iqinisekisa ukuba ithambile emlonyeni, nto leyo ephucula ukuncasa kwayo.

Mna.Ukujiya kunye nokuNyuka​

Eyona mpembelelo iphawulekayo yeGelatin kukudala ubume bejeli obunokuthamba okuhlukeneyo. Kwiilekese zegummy, ubuninzi bejeli obuyi-10-15% buvelisa ubume oburhabaxa, obubuyela umva. Kwi-aspic, ubuninzi obuphantsi (2-5%) buvelisa ijeli ethambileyo, eshukumayo ebonisa izithako ezifana nemifuno okanye inyama. Indawo yokunyibilika kwejeli (25-35°C) iqinisekisa ukuba ithambile emlonyeni, nto leyo ephucula ukuncasa kwayo.​

IGelatin yimveliso efunyenwe ngokucoca kunye nokufaka i-hydrolyzing i-collagen kwiikhumba zezilwanyana, amathambo, kunye nezicubu ezimhlophe ezinxibelelanayo. Iindlela ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ekukhupheni i-gelatin ziquka unyango lwe-alkali, i-asidi, kunye ne-enzyme. Ukwenziwa kwe-gelatin kubandakanya iinkqubo ezintathu eziphambili: unyango lwangaphambi konyango, ukukhupha i-gelatin, kunye nonyango lwasemva konyango.