Nā ʻIke

Ua hoʻololi ʻo Gelatin i ke kiʻi ʻana i ke kenekulia 19, e pani ana i nā kaʻina hana paʻakikī o ka papa pulu. Ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopaʻa i nā emulsions halide kālā, ua hoʻolaha like ia i nā kristal ʻike mālamalama ma luna o ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni, e hiki ai ke kiʻi ʻoi aku ka ʻoi. ʻO kona hiki ke pehu i ka wai i ʻae ʻia no ka hoʻomohala maʻalahi, e hiki ai i nā amateurs ke kiʻi i ke kiʻi.

Hoʻomaka ka hana ʻana o ka gelatin me nā huahana holoholona (nā ʻili, nā iwi, nā ʻiʻo), kahi i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia, hoʻohemo ʻia ka ʻaila, a kuʻi ʻia. ʻO nā ʻili puaʻa (30-50% collagen) a me nā iwi bipi ka mea maʻamau. Ke nānā ʻia nā mea maka e hōʻoia i ka ʻole o nā maʻi a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea haumia, kahi hana koʻikoʻi no ka gelatin meaʻai/lāʻau lapaʻau.

Hiki i ka Gelatin mai nā mea holoholona i hana pono ʻole ʻia ke lawe i nā mea haumia: nā metala kaumaha mai nā wahi ʻoihana, nā antibiotics mai nā holoholona, ​​​​a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​mea maʻi e like me Salmonella. Hoʻāla ka gelatin bipi mai nā wahi endemic BSE i nā hopohopo no ka maʻi prion, ʻoiai ʻo ke kumu kūʻai koʻikoʻi (e laʻa, nā lula EU) e hōʻemi i kēia pilikia. ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka palekana o ka gelatin iʻa, hiki ke loaʻa ka mercury inā loaʻa mai nā wai haumia.

ʻO ka hopena koʻikoʻi o ka Gelatin ka hana ʻana i nā ʻano gel me nā elasticity like ʻole. I loko o nā candies gummy, ʻo ka nui o ka gelatin he 10-15% e hua mai i kahi ʻano chewy a bounce-back. I loko o ka aspic, ʻo nā ʻano haʻahaʻa (2-5%) e hana i kahi gel palupalu a wiliwili e hōʻike ana i nā meaʻai e like me nā mea kanu a i ʻole ka ʻiʻo. ʻO ke kiko heheʻe o ka gel (25-35°C) e hōʻoia i ka palupalu i loko o ka waha, e hoʻonui ana i ka ʻono.

ʻO wau.ʻO ka Gelling a me ka Elasticityʻ

ʻO ka hopena koʻikoʻi o ka Gelatin ka hana ʻana i nā ʻano gel me nā elasticity like ʻole. I loko o nā candies gummy, ʻo ka nui o ka gelatin he 10-15% e hua mai i kahi ʻano chewy, bounce-back. I loko o ka aspic, ʻo nā ʻano haʻahaʻa (2-5%) e hana i kahi gel palupalu a wiliwili e hōʻike ana i nā meaʻai e like me nā mea kanu a i ʻole ka ʻiʻo. ʻO ke kiko heheʻe o ka gel (25-35°C) e hōʻoia i ka palupalu i loko o ka waha, e hoʻonui ana i ka ʻono.

He huahana ka Gelatin i loaʻa ma o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana a me ka hydrolyzing mua ʻana i ka collagen mai nā ʻili holoholona, ​​​​nā iwi, a me nā ʻiʻo hoʻohui keʻokeʻo. ʻO nā ʻano hana maʻamau no ka unuhi ʻana i ka gelatin e komo pū me ka alkali, ka waikawa, a me ka mālama ʻana i ka enzyme. Pili ka hana ʻana o ka Gelatin i ʻekolu mau kaʻina hana nui: ka mālama mua ʻana, ka unuhi ʻana o ka gelatin, a me ka mālama ʻana ma hope.