Kuongororwa kweMaitiro eKugadzirwa kweGelatin neAlkaline Method

Gelatin imhando ye colloid inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri yechikafu, yemishonga, yezvizoro, nedzimwe nzvimbo. Kune nzira dzakasiyana dzekugadzira, pakati padzo dzinoshandiswa nzira ye alkaline. Pazasi pane kupatsanurwa kwakadzama kwemaitiro e alkaline:
Ⅰ. Kugadzirira Zvinhu Zvisina Kugadzirwa

Chekutanga, zvinhu zvakapfuma mu kolajeni, zvakaita sematehwe emhuka kana mapfupa, zvinogadzirwa. Zvinhu izvi zvinoumba hwaro hwegelatin kugadzirwa, uye hunhu hwavo hunokanganisa zvakananga chigadzirwa chekupedzisira. Nokudaro, zvinhu zvakagadziriswa zvinofanira kungeitsva uye isina kusvibiswapanguva yekusarudza.

II. Kurapa kweAlkaline

Zvadaro, zvinhu zvakagadziriswa zvinozorapwa nealkaline. Zvinangwa ndezvekuti:

1. Bvisa zvinhu zvisiri zvecollagen (semuenzaniso, mafuta, tsvina).
2. Shandisa collagen zvishoma kuti iwedzere kunyunguduka.

Kudzora Makiyi:

• Kuwanda kweAlkali: Kazhinji 2–5% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) kana 1–3% calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂) mhinduro.
• Tembiricha: Inochengetwa pa15–25°C kudzivirira hydrolysis yakawandisa.
• Nguva: Maawa 12–48 (anosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwezvinhu zvakabikwa uye ukobvu).
  
  

  Ⅲ. Kusefa
  Mushure mekurapwa nealkaline, musanganiswa wacho unoseferwa kuti ubvise tsvina yakaoma. Nzira dzakajairika dzinosanganisira:

  • Kuvhara Mesh Yakanaka: Kushandisa machira emesh 80–100 kupatsanura zvidimbu zvikuru.
  • Kudzora centrifugation: Kana paine tsvina yakapfava, centrifugation pa3000–5000 rpm haisi yekusarudza.

  Chinangwa ndechekuwanamvura yakachena, isina tsvina.
  Ⅳ. Kuisa pfungwa pachinhu chimwe nechimwe

  Mvura yakaseferwa inosanganiswa kuti iwedzere gelatin kuwanda kwehuwandu (kazhinji kubva pa5–10% kusvika 20–30%). Izvi zvinowanzoitwa kuburikidzakupisa kwemvurapasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akadzorwa:

  • Tembiricha: 60–70°C kudzivirira collagen denaturation.
  • Kutsamwa: Kukurunga-kurunga nguva dzose kudzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya uye kupisa.
    
    Ⅴ. Kuomesa
    

    Pakupedzisira, mvura yakasanganiswa negelatin inoomeswa kuti ibudise chigadzirwa chekupedzisira. Nzira dzakajairika dzekuomesa dzinosanganisira:

    1. Kuomesa nepfapfaidzo: Kuisa muto musanganiswa kuita madonhwe uye kuomesa nemhepo inopisa (120–140°C) kuti pave nehupfu.
    2. Kuomesa Vacuum: Kuomesa pa40–50°C pasi pevacuum kuchengetedza mashandiro egelatin.

    Chero nzira ipi zvayo inoshandiswa, kudzora tembiricha nenguva zvinodiwa kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti chigadzirwa chacho chakasimba uye chakasimba.