Ngā Whakatūpato me ngā Whakaritenga Tukanga mō te Gelatin i roto i ngā Kāpū mārō me ngā Kāpū ngohengohe

Hei rauemi hanga kiriata matua o te mārō me te kāpū ngohengohes, me tino whakahaere te kounga me te tukanga o te gelatin kia mau ai te pumau o te kāpūru me te haumaru o te rongoā.

Ngā Whakatūpato mō te Whakamahinga

1. Mana Whakahaere ParakoreKōwhiria te gelatin kounga-rongoā hei karo i te nui rawa o ngā konganuku taumaha (hei tauira, te mata, te mercury) me ngā moroiti, hei ārai i te kino o te kāpūru, i ngā mōrearea haumaru rānei.
2. Whakahaere MakukuHe tino waiora te gelatin. Me pupuri te makuku o te wāhi rokiroki ki te 45%-65% kia kore ai e ngawari te kāpū, e piri, e pakarukaru, e ngatata rānei. Me whakahaere hoki te makuku o te awheawhe i te wā e whakaputa ana kia pai ai te kounga o te hanga.
3. Hototahi ki ngā IhirangiWhakahaerehia ngā whakamātautau hototahi i mua i te wā. Tērā pea ka kino te hanganga o te gelatin i ngā waikawa kaha, ngā kawakore, ngā wāhanga waikura rānei kei roto.

Ngā Whakaritenga Tukanga

• Ngā Kāpū MārōWhakahaere tika i te kukū o te wairewa gelatin (12%-15%) me te pāmahana (50-60℃) kia ōrite ai te āhua, kia kore ai he mirumiru, kia mau tonu te matotoru o te anga kāpū (0.15-0.25mm te nuinga). Whakamarokehia mō ngā hāora 24-48 i muri i te hanga, kia pumau ai te makuku whakamutunga ki te 12%-16%.
• Ngā Kāpū NgāwariTāpirihia ngā mea whakapūmau kirihou (hei tauira, te glycerol) ki te otinga gelatin i te ōwehenga o te gelatin:glycerol = 1:0.3-0.5 hei whakarei ake i te ngāwari. Whakahaerehia te pāmahana o te whakapūmau i te 20-30℃ hei ārai i te rerekētanga. Whakamarokehia mō te 48-72 hāora, me te pupuri i te ihirangi makuku i te 12%-16% kia mau ai te rokiroki.

He rerekētanga nui kei roto i te momo gelatin, ngā whakaritenga, me ngā whakaritenga kounga i waenga i te ngohengohe me te kāpū mārōs, e ahu mai ana i ā rātou tukanga hanga motuhake me ngā hiahia āhua ā-tinana.

1. Ngā Rerekētanga o te Momo Gelatin

Ahakoa he ōrite te matū, ko ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana o te gelatin—e whakatauhia ana e ngā pūtake rauemi mata me te tukatuka—he pai mō ngā momo kāpūru rerekē.

• Ngā Kāpū MārōWhakatairangahia te "pakeke" me te "pūmautanga". He whānuitia te whakamahinga o te gelatin wheua nā te mea he kaha ake tōna.
• Ngā Kāpū Ngāwari: Whakatairangahia te "ngāwari" me te "kaha hanga kiriata". Ka tutuki i te tiakarete kiri (hei tauira, te hiako kau, te tiakarete kiri poaka) ngā hiahia hanga me te matotoru me te ngāwari e tika ana, ka whakaiti i te rerekētanga, te ngatata rānei.

1. Ngā Rerekētanga o ngā Whakatakotoranga o te Gelatin

Ngā tawhā matua (te kaha o te tiēre, te matotoru, te makuku) e pā tika ana ki te urutau o te tukanga:

1. Te Karātini mō ngā Kāpūre Mārō

• Kaha o te KiriTohu matua, e hiahia ana ki te ≥220 Bloom g. Ko te kaha o te tiēre ka whakarite kia pai ake te pakeke me te ātete ki te pānga, ka ārai i te pakaru.
• Te matotoru: Ka whakahaeretia i te 25-40 mPa・s (i te 60℃). Ka āraihia e te matotoru ngawari ngā anga angiangi, pakarukaru (he iti rawa) te ngoikore rānei o te whai huatanga o te whakapūtanga (he tiketike rawa).
• Makuku: ≤12%. Ka whakangawari/piri te makuku nui; ka pakarukaru te papanga ki te kore e nui te makuku.

2. Te tiakarete mō Ngā Kāpū Ngāwari

• Kaha o te KiriHe iti ake te whakaritenga, ko te tikanga he ≥180 Bloom g. Kāore e hiahiatia he pakeketanga nui; ko te ngāwari te mea nui—ko te kaha nui o te kirimi ka hua ake he anga pakari, he pakarukaru.
• Te matotoruKo te hiahia nui ake, 40-60 mPa・s (i te 60℃). Ko te matotoru teitei ka whakarite kia ōrite te hanganga kiriata me te pupuri i te āhua i muri i te hanga.
• Makuku: ≤13%. He paku teitei ake i ngā kāpū mārō hei pupuri i te ngāwari me te ārai i te pakaru maroke.

1. Ngā Whakaritenga Kounga Noa (Ngā Paerewa Rongoā)

E rua ngā momo kāpūru e hiahia ana kia whiwhi i te gelatin kounga-rongoā e tutuki ana i ngā paearu haumaru me te whaihua e whai ake nei:

1. Te parakoreKore rawa he konganuku taumaha nui rawa (hei tauira, te mata ≤0.1 mg/kg, te āheniki ≤0.05 mg/kg), ngā moroiti (e tutuki ana ki ngā paerewa rohenga moroiti/koretake, hei tauira, kāore i kitea he Escherichia coli), me ngā poke kino.
2. Mārama me te TaeKore tae, he kōwhai mārama rānei, kāore he paru e kitea ana, he mea tauhou rānei, kia ma ai, kia ōrite ai te āhua.
3. Uara pH5.5-7.5 (tata ki te koretake) hei karo i ngā tauhohenga waikawa-pūtake ki ngā ihirangi, hei tiaki i te pumau o te rongoā.
4. Te Ihirangi o te Pungarehu: ≤2.0%, e whakaatu ana i te parakore—ko te nui o te pungarehu e tohu ana i te poke o te paru kore-ora.
5. Te wairewatangaKa pupuhi, ka memeha mārire ki te wai, ka tere memeha ki te wai o te puku kia pai ai te tukunga o ngā ihirangi.